Lithium electric chain saws work by converting electrical energy from a rechargeable lithium-ion battery into mechanical power to drive the saw's chain. The battery is typically located in the handle, which helps balance the weight of the tool. The battery supplies power to a motor, which then drives the chain along the guide bar.

The chain is equipped with sharp teeth designed to cut through wood efficiently. The speed at which the chain moves, combined with the power generated by the motor, allows the saw to cut through branches, logs, and other wooden materials with ease. Most lithium electric chain saws feature a variable speed trigger that enables users to control the cutting speed, offering flexibility for different tasks.

Lithium-ion batteries are favored because of their long-lasting charge and fast recharge times. Most models provide enough power for several hours of continuous cutting, depending on the task's intensity.